13th century medieval occitan trobadour song from the following lyrics: Castelloza (early 13th century) “Mout aurez fag lonc estage / You’ve been away so long” in In Troubadours Poem from the South of France (pp. 155-56) I You have been away so long, Dear, since first you took your leave, It’s cruel to me, and grave, For you promised me and pledged That as long as you lived You would never take another Woman. If now you have found her, You’ve murdered me, betrayed the hope I had placed in you: that with no reserve You would give me your love. II Fair friend, with a heart that’s true I’ve loved you since our first pleasure; I know that I have been a fool Because I only hold you dearer And have not tried to flee; Though you treat me wrong, not well, I love you even more. I shall Not surrender. Love has so possessed me, I believe I could never live Happily without your love. III I am setting a bad pattern For other loving women, Since it is men who usually send Messages, words well chosen. Yet I think I am cured, Friend, when I pray to you, For keeping faith is how I woo; A noble woman would grow richer If you graced her with the gift Of your embrace or your kiss. IV Let me be cursed if I’ve ever had A fickle heart or been untrue; Nor have I wanted anyone, No matter how noble, other than you. Now you find me pensive and sad Because you seem to forget my love. If joy from you doesn’t soon arrive You may discover that I have died, For a lady can die from a slight infection If a man doesn’t come to lance it. V For the suffering you’ve brought me, The pain and hurtful gall, My family gives you thanks, My husband most of all. If you’ve ever sinned against me, In good faith I give pardon And pray that you will come along As soon as you have heard my song; I am making you a vow, To give you my prettiest smile.